What is osteoporosis?

Osteoporosis is a thinning of the bones and is most frequently seen in postmenopausal women. It is a silent process that makes the bones weak and brittle. When this happens, a minor fall can cause a fracture which sometimes requires major surgery (e.g. a broken hip). This disease is not related to arthritis. Treatment for osteoporosis includes hormone replacement therapy and other medications. Adequate calcium and vitamin D and weight bearing exercise maximize the effects of medication. It is also important for teenagers and young women to maximize their bone strength by consuming diets containing adequate calcium (1200 mg per day). Also, prevention of osteoporosis includes refraining from smoking and minimizing alcohol consumption.